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1888 - Marey Drops His Plates
In late 1888, sensitised photographic paper film reached France and was immediately used by Etienne-Jules Marey to further develop his chronophotographic camera. The film was a long strip coated with gelatin, which was peeled off after exposure and development to leave a clear negative vastly superior to the glass-plate images Marey had previously been working with.
Marey converted his chronophotographic camera to accommodate this new film by simply adding a box for the film onto the back of it. The film was wound onto spools that could be rotated, and then held motionless for exposure in front of the lens by an electrically-operated clamp.
Marey used the new film to shoot human subjects, but now encountered two new problems: the film would break easily, and it was difficult to achieve equidistant exposures of the film to ensure a smooth motion.
However, using George Eastman’s gelatin-based film, Marey was able to achieve 60 images per second, and each frame was 9cm x 9cm. In October, Marey gave a presentation of his moving pictures to the Academie des Sciences in Paris.
While Marey’s experiments were all in the name of physiological research, with his “new improved” chronophotograph camera, he had invented the forerunner of modern cinematography films. [ADD]
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